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From Zhang Luxiang to Zhu Bai—The inheritance and characteristics of Zhu Zi’s learning in western Zhejiang in the early Qing Dynasty
Author: Zhang Tianjie
Source: “Zhejiang Social Sciences” Issue 3, 2019
Time: Confucius was in the 16th day of the mid-spring of Jihai
Jesus March 22, 2019
【Author Introduction】
Zhang Tianjie, an associate professor at the Hangzhou Teachers’ College and the School of Politics and Society, is an important part of Zhejiang, Ming and Qing dynasties’ ideological civilization research.
【Abstract】
In the middle and short-lived western Zhejiang in the Qing Dynasty, there were a group of orderly Zhu Zi scholars who took Zhang Luxiang as their development and Liu Liuliang as their assistant. After the continuous process of the people of the Liu family, such as Liu Baozhong, Ke Chongpu, Jing Kui, and Jia Dingfeng, it was not until Zhang’s private blessings, “respecting Zhu Pi Wang” to save the hearts of the customs and people, and used Zhu Zi as a source of thought for moral traits. They published or edited Zhu Zi’s postgraduate studies with Zhu Zi’s own works separately. When choosing to edit, they loved to apply Zhu Zi’s “Mind Thoughts”‘s academic paradigm. These efforts have played a major role in promoting Zhu Zi’s from the perspectives and widespread propaganda.
At a group of orderly Zhu Zi scholars appeared in the middle and early Zhejiang provinces in the Qing Dynasty. In order to save the common people’s hearts, they rose up to “respect Zhu” and “restrain the king”, which allowed Yang Mingxin, who had been in power for more than a hundred years and had suffered from bad habits, gradually faded out of the vision of scholars, and Zhu Zi’s philosophy was revived. Zhang Luxiang (1611-1674, whose courtesy name was Kaofu, and his nickname was Zhi. The scholar was called Master Yangyuan, a native of Tongrong, Zhejiang) was “the first person to learn to pronounce the king among the Qing Confucian scholars” [1] and became a key figure in the development of the “respecting Zhu and pronounced the king”. Its influence can be traced into two lines: first, through his friend Liu Liuliang (1629-1683, whose name is Yonghui, his name is Wancun, a native of Shimen, Zhejiang[2]), he influenced Yue Jingqi (1630-1692, whose name is Jiashu, a native of Qingqing, a native of Pinghu, Zhejiang), and thus promoted the official pursuit of Zhu Zixu in the Kangxi Dynasty; [3] Second, through Liu Liuliang and his eldest son Liu Bao Zhong (?-1707, first named Gongzhong, courtesy name Wuling), and the son of the door, Ke Chongpu (born and died without details, courtesy name Jingyi, no. Yu’an, Zhejiang Jiayan), Shaoyang Kui (1653-1730, No. Lengcun, Wuxing, Zhejiang), and Changdingfeng (?-1733, name Zhaoshang, No. Shuangting, from Shaoyang, Hunan, lives in Nanjing), and then to the Zhuwu of the private servant Zhang Luxiang (1702-1759, name Renyi, first named Youlong, whose courtesy name is Qingxuan, is from Haining, Zhejiang, and others, selected and published works by Zhu Zixu and Zhang Luxiang, which greatly promoted the origin of Zhu Zixu and spread to the public. The second line of search has not been paid attention to in the academic community, but its impact is wide, long influence, and the importance of Zhu Zi’s posthumous learning with Zhu Zi himself, the inheritance of the paradigm of “Recent Thoughts”, and the recognition of Zhu Pi Wang as the mark. Therefore, it is very necessary to carefully evaluate it, so that the overall face of Zhu Zi’s teachings and spreads in the late Qing Dynasty can be more comprehensively understood.
1. Zhang Luxiang and Luliuliang inherited Zhu Zixue
Zhang Luxiang and Luliuliang are the main academic partners. They responded from each other, which had a great influence on Zhu Zixue’s spread in the early Qing Dynasty.
Jun Liuliang was Zhang Luxiang’s main friend in his late years. Their formal arrival was in the third year of Kangxi (1664). That winter, Liuliuliang hired Zhang Luxiang to go to his library and was resigned. The next year, Liuliuliang repeatedly asked Zhang Luxiang’s old friend Zhu Weisi to convey the intention of recruiting him, and Zhang Luxiang was resigned. In the sixth year of Kangxi (1667), Liu Liuliang did not ask for a tutor and waited for the seats alone, so Zhang Luxiang wrote a letter to Liu Liuliang, which said: “I mean that my son is old and I should strengthen my ambitions and strengthen my ambitions to regulate the boundless career. I will not be able to do anything because of my younger brother. I will be a teacher for a long time.” [4] Please do not delay reading books because of myself. In the eighth year of Kangxi (1669), Zhang Luxiang officially arrived at the Luliuliangjia Pavilion. Su Dunyuan (1801-1857) “Yangyuan Teachers and Chief Teachers’ Years” says: “The owner of the museum asked to rebel since the winter of Jiachen. The owner stayed alone for two years and then began to settle down now.” [5] The kindness of Zhang Luxiang’s request for Zhang Luxiang from Liuliang’s recruitment shows his admiration for Zhang Luxiang. This admiration is also expressed in Liuliuliang’s “Book of Zhang Kaufu”. It says:
I am now reading the letters and learning the source of light, the lacquer is like a torch, and I also like the sound of the tiles and leaves. I am grateful for the yellow bells, and my ambitions are more and more interesting, and I have already urged them. I heard that I thought I had done this in my mind, and I only knew that I was looking forward to it at the moment. …I said that my life was clear and my illness was clear, so I was eager to get treatment with Qi. …The teachings are not yet in absurd way. Those who are conservative must be careful when comparing their past tense and dare not be strong. They can only hold themselves to wait for the situation to come and be punished. [6]
The yearning for Zhang Luxiang was influenced by his brother-in-law Zhu Fengshi. Zhu Hongyi (words are called Shi) and Zhang Luxiang were studying in Cheng Zhu. He did not read Cheng Zhu’s books, which would have a certain impact on Liu Liuliang’s studies in Cheng Zhu’s studies. In order to further improve the treatment of “Yangming’s disease” and deeply study Cheng Zhu’s learning, Liu Liuliang asked Zhang Luxiang, who had “actually achieved” in Cheng Zhu’s learning, to arrive at the museum at home. In the eighth year of Kangxi (1669), Zhang Luxiang began to study in the Yushui Luliuliang family building, one side taught Liuliuliang’s son and nephew, and the other side taught Liuliuliang’s son and nephew. He Rulin (161)8-1689, whose courtesy name is Shangxin, from Zhejiang Sea Salt). Because Zhang Luxiang had become the eldest brother, he consulted with Luliuliang: “It is better to use his travel books for the rest of his life… Please teach the teacher and the teacher to talk to each other and discuss with each other, so that it is easy to stay and stay and stay.” [7] In the next four years, He and Luliuxiang provided the family with the family. Zhang Luxiang moved between the two families, and he spent most of his time talking about theory at Luliu. On July 23, 1674, a few days before Zhang Luxiang’s death, he was still staying in Lu’s family. It can be seen that the two of them have a deep understanding of their friendship and the flattery of their studies.
After Zhang Luxiang and Liuliang came, they carried out many related to Zhu Zi’s studies. href=”https://twsugarhoney520.org/”>Baosheng Sweetheart Network‘s academic activities, in addition to participating in He Rulin, Wang Xiyan (1628-1682, whose courtesy name is Yinxu, No. 1, Xiao’an, from Wujiang, Jiangsu), Wu Fanchang (1622-1656, whose courtesy name is Zhongmu, Zhejiang In addition to the cooperation of Zhu Xi scholars in western Zhejiang, such as the Sea Salt Man, to carry out lecture activities, the important thing is to select and publish works related to Zhu Xi. There are three specific aspects: First, review “Traditional Records”; second, publish “Two Cheng Books” and “Zhu Xi Books” and other scientific works; third, select “Zhu Xi Books” and “Four Sons” to edit “Zhu Xi Books”.
First, Liu Liuliang and He Rulin asked Zhang Luxiang to review the “Traditional Records”. In the autumn of the 11th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Zhang Luxiang praised the “Traditional Record” in the “Traditional Record” in the “Yangyuan Teachers and Chief Teachers” and finally proposed it by He Rulin. Su Dunyuan said: “First, when the museum was semi-routed, He Shangming asked the teacher to evaluate it, and used Vis to learn from it, and the teacher teacher was the teacher. Thank you, you dare not take the responsibility. This April, the Shangkan replied. … At this time, the owner of the museum asked, but the teacher, the teacher, was not sensitive, so he asked three times, and then agreed.”[8] The “keeper of the museum” here refers to Liuliuliang. After Liuliuliang’s repeated urging, Zhang Luxiang began to review “Traditional Records”. Zhang Luxiang did not
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